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| Feature / Aspect | Description & Specifications | Typical Application |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Material | Galvanized Steel (GI), Stainless Steel, Aluminum | GI is standard for general HVAC. |
| Standard Gauge | 0.5mm to 1.5mm or thicker | Governed by SMACNA standards. |
| Connection Systems | TDF, Angle Iron Flange, S&D, Standing Drive | TDF is modern airtight standard. |
| Key Strength | High Rigidity | Medium to high-pressure systems. |
| Air Leakage Class | Class 1, 2, or 3 achieved with gasketed flanges | Critical for energy efficiency. |
| Primary Use Cases | Office buildings, hospitals, schools, retail | Dominant choice for space constraints. |